MAKEMARBLE

  Introduction Dr. A.P.J. Abdul  Kalam was a great Indian scientist, researcher, and visionary leader. His full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam . He was born on 15 October 1931 in a simple Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father, Jainulabdeen, was a boat owner, and his mother, Ashiamma, was a homemaker. Born into very limited means, Kalam completed his early education in Rameswaram. From childhood, he was an intelligent student and had a deep interest in science. https://www.revenuecpmgate.com/t2ae5xbvnz?key=42f3c40e5e0b0484890fcd91040fa8e4 To pursue higher education, he studied Physics at St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli , and later, in 1954, earned a degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the Madras Institute of Technology . After completing his education, he joined the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) . His journey later took him to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) , where he played a crucial role in developi...

1. Introduction Brief Introduction: Al-Khwarizmi was a famous Muslim scientist and mathematician. He was born in 780 CE in Persia (present-day Iran) and lived until 850 CE. His works in Algebra and Arithmetic are still considered the foundation of mathematics today. Importance: Al-Khwarizmi is called the “Father of Algebra” because he developed the first systematic methods for solving linear and quadratic equations. His contributions helped advance mathematics and science all over the world. Hook Line: "Today we will learn about the famous Muslim scientist Al-Khwarizmi, known as the Father of Algebra. Did you know that his books are still studied in schools and universities today?" 2. Early Life and Background Birth and Place: Al-Khwarizmi was born in 780 CE in Khwarizm (present-day northwest Uzbekistan). Family and Education: Not much is known about his family, but it is believed he grew up in a religious and scholarly environment. In his early education, he s...

🌟 Ibn al-Haytham – Life Story and Contributions 1. Birth and Early Life Ibn al-Haytham was born in 965 CE in Basra (now Iraq). His full name was Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Hasan Ibn al-Haytham. From childhood, he was very curious and eager to learn, with strong interests in mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. His father worked in government and wanted him to pursue administration, but Ibn al-Haytham was more passionate about knowledge and discovery. 2. Education and Quest for Knowledge He studied in Basra and Baghdad, mastering: Mathematics Astronomy Physics Philosophy However, his deepest interest was in light and vision . 3. Major Works and Contributions 📖 Kitab al-Manazir (Book of Optics) This is his most famous work. He explained that eyes do not emit light; instead, light comes from objects to the eyes, allowing vision. This contradicted earlier beliefs and laid the foundation for modern optics. 🔬 Camera Obscura He discovered the principle of the camer...

  Ibn Sina (Avicenna) – Life Story and Legacy Birth and Early Life As a reward, he was granted access to the royal library , which contained rare manuscripts. This opportunity allowed him to study countless books and deepen his knowledge in many sciences. Wide-Ranging Contributions By the age of 21 , Ibn Sina had already written hundreds of works covering medicine, mathematics, astronomy, chemistry, linguistics, and music. His most famous works include: Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb (The Canon of Medicine) Kitab al-Shifa (The Book of Healing) Some of his important discoveries and observations were: The antiseptic (germ-killing) properties of alcohol Identification of brain tumors and stomach ulcers Classification of diseases Stressing the role of hygiene, diet, and exercise in preventing illness Major Works and Achievements The Canon of Medicine (1025 CE) This monumental work, divided into five volumes , covers medical theory, anatomy, symptoms, drugs, and ...